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    BOTANICA SERBICA
    Volume 33
    Issue 1
    2009

History and tradition of the oldest botanical journal in serbia „Glasnik instituta za botaniku botanicke bašte univerziteta u Beogradu“, now re-nominate as „Botanica Serbica“
STEVANOVIC, B.
Pages 5-11

Full reference | First page | Full text PDF
Helianthemum marmoreum (Cistaceae), a new species from the Central Balkans
STEVANOVNIC V, MATEVSKI V & TAN K.
Pages 13-19

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: Helianthemum marmoreum is described as a new species from the central part of the Balkan peninsula (R. Macedonia). It inhabits rocky marble and limestone slopes and pastures at moderate altitudes of 240-1400 m. The closest relative is H. hymettium which is endemic to southern Greece.

    KEY WORDS: Helianthemum (Cistaceae), new species, taxonomy, endemic, Balkan peninsula
Molecular reappraisal confirms that the Campanula trichocalycina-pichleri complex belongs to Asyneuma (Campanulaceae)
STEFANOVIC S & LAKUŠIC D.
Pages 21-31

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: The phylogentic position of the Campanula trichocalycina-pichleri complex, a group consisting of two species distributed respectively in the Apeninenes and the Balkans, represents a long-standing taxonomic problem resulting from a conflict among limited number of morphological characters. Traditionally, this complex was treated either as a separate genus, Podanthum, or as part of Campanula or Asyneuma. However, these competing taxonomic hypotheses have never been tested using explicite phylogenetic approaches. We present here the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses based on non-coding chloroplast sequences (trnL-F). Molecular evidence indicates that Campanula trichocalycina and C. pichleri form a strongly supported lineage, positioned as sistergroup to Asyneuma s.str. Consequently, we treate this complex as congeneric with Asyneuma. We also discuss relative importance of floral morphology versus fruit dehiscence for circumscription of Asyneuma and Campanula as well as proposed taxonomic status of Asyneuma comosiforme, a species recently discovered not to be closely related to other members of Asyneuma and segregated from this genus.

    KEY WORDS: Balkans, Campanulaceae, molecular phylogeny, Asyneuma, Campanula, Physoplexis, Petromarula, trnL-F.
Threat status revision of some taxa from “The Red Data Book of Flora of Serbia 1”
TOMOVIC G, ZLATKOVIC B, NIKETIC M, PERIC R,LAZARAVIC, P., ŠEMIJA D, STANKOVIC M, LAKUŠIC D ANACKOV G, KNEŽEVIC J, SZABADOS K, KRIVOŠEJ, Z., PRODANOVIC, D., VUKOJCIC S, STOJANOVIC V, LAZAREVIC M & STEVANOVNIC V.
Pages 33-43

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: This paper presents six plant species rediscovered for flora of Serbia after they were considered extinct in this territory. Therefore they were included in the publication “Red Book of Flora of Serbia 1” in the category of Extinct taxon (EX). These six species are: Aconitum anthora L., Aldrovanda vesiculosa L., Chorispora tenella (Pallas) DC., Dracocephalum ruyschiana L., Juncus capitatus Weigel and Linum nodiflorum L. According to new IUCN criteria, the threat status estimation were made and the species were placed in the group of critically endangered within the territory of Serbia. New field observations of population stage and data of distribution are presented for 21 plants that were included in the category of critically endangered taxa in this publication. Population size of plants on the studied localities and new threatened status were presented for each taxon.

    KEY WORDS: vascular flora, Serbia, extinct species, critically endangered species, distribution
Genus Leucojum L. (Amaryllidaceae) – distribution and threatened status in Serbia
JOVANOVIC S, TOMOVIC G, LAKUŠIC D, NIKETIC M, PAVLOVIC M & BOŽA P.
Pages 45-50

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: This article presents the distribution of two Leucojum ispecies (L. aestivum and L. vernum) in Serbia, on the basis of field research, herbarium and literature data. The distribution, ecological preferences as well as threatened status of the Leucojum species in Serbia is estimated according to 2001 IUCN Red list categories and criteria and should provide useful information for conservation management of these species in SE Europe.

    KEY WORDS: Leucojum, distribution, ecology, threatened status, Serbia
Leaf anatomy of the Sesleria rigida Heuffel ex Reichenb. (Poaceae) in Serbia
KUZMANOVIC N, ŠINŽAR-SEKULIC J & LAKUŠIC D.
Pages 51-67

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    ABSTRACT: A detail description of the total variability of the characters of the leaf anatomy in different populations of taxon S. rigida sensu lato on the territory of Serbia was made. Morphometric analyses were performed on the cross-section of 521 tiller leaves collected from 21 populations of S. rigida in Serbia. Statistical data analyses were calculated for 27 morphometric characters. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum and standard error, coefficient of variation) were calculated for each character state and correlative variability and variations in regard to the geographical gradients was performed to identify the trends in anatomical differentiation. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to identify significant variation between each character.
    A detail analysis has shown that local populations are anatomically very well differentiated into the serpentine populations from western and carbonate populations from eastern Serbia.

    KEY WORDS: Poaceae, Sesleria rigida, leaf-anatomy
Effects of air pollution on needles of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carriere in industrial area of Pancevo (Serbia)
MARIN M, KOKO V, DULETIC-LAUŠEVIC S & MARIN PD.
Pages 69-73

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: Research was done on needles of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carriere from polluted and unpolluted environment. Stereological method was used for quantitative examination of changing of different structures of the needles. The obtained results showed that the volume density of mesophyll cells and intercellular spaces were statistically significantly increased, while the volume density of epidermis, central cylinder and resin ducts were decreased in polluted environment. The number of healthy mesophyll cells was decreased, while the number of damaged mesophyll cells was increased in polluted environment. The surface area of damaged mesophyll cells was significantly increased in polluted environment. Histological investigation was used to identify the injured mesophyll cells of types I, II and III of the needles by the appearance of tannin inclusion in central vacuole, and their distribution in the needles. Histological results showed that damaged mesophyll cells of types I, II and III were differently located in the needles. Damaged mesophyll cells of type III were predominantly distributed around stomata, while damaged cells of type II were located in the middle of the needle. Cells of type I were observed near the endodermis.

    KEY WORDS: Cedrus atlantica, needle, air pollution, stereology, histology
The influence of gypsiferous substrata on bryophyte growth: are there obligatory gypsophilous.
BOGDANOVIC M, SABOVLJEVIC M, SABOVLJEVIC A & GRUBIŠIC D.
Pages 75-82

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    ABSTRACT: In this paper the effects of gypsum (CaSO4 x 2H2O) in the growth medium were tested on two non-gypsophilous selected bryophyte species: Bryum argenteum Hedw. and Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. With aim to test if some bryophytes are exclusive for gypsum enriched substrates, the difference in gypsum effect on moss development were examined. In vitro cultures of two selected species were initiated from nearly mature spores within unopened capsules. Half strenght Murashige and Skoog media with added gypsum in concentrations of 50, 350 and 500mM were used to test bryophyte develepment. Plants were grown on media with gypsum for 3 days or 3 weeks to compare short and long term effect of salt exposure. Tested bryophytes, non-adapted to gypsum and exposed to various gypsum concentrations in MS medium, did not show to have a problem in surviving the new environment conditions. Moss species selected in this study and exposed to gypsum enriched MS medium showed variation in morphological parameters to some extent (index of multiplication, secondary protonemal production and survival rate) and chlorophyll content and slightly altered chlorophyll a/b ratio. In general, both tested species could survive gypsum enriched medium: secondary protonema was developed and new shoots were formed in both species, but slight differences were recorded between short and long term exposure to gypsum. Acording to data obtained, gypsum is not the stressor (at least not alone) which can separate some interesting bryophytes into the ecological group of gypsophytes.

    KEY WORDS: bryophytes, mosses, gypsum, gypsophytes, Atrichum undulatum, Bryum argenteum
Effects of day length on photosynthetic pigments and antioxidative metabolism of in vitro cultured Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (Bryophyta)
CVETIC T, SABOVLJEVIC A, BOGDANOVIC PRISTOV J & SABOVLJEVIC M.
Pages 83-88

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    ABSTRACT: Photoperiod is known to regulate many essential processes in plants, but physiological eff ects of photoperiod in vegetative stage of plant life have seldom been studied. Th is paper deals with eff ects of day length on Catherine’s moss grown in aseptic culture. Photosynthetic pigments did not show signifi cant variations as a consequence of growth in diff erent photoperiods. Protein content and malate dehydrogenase activity were higher in long day (16h light/8h dark) than in short day (8h light/16h dark) grown plants. Total phenolic compounds contents, as well as total antioxidative capacity were shown to be higher in plants grown in long day conditions. Peroxidase activity was also higher in long day than in short day grown plants. Regulation of components of antioxidative metabolism in a moss species grown in diff erent photoperiods are discussed in relation to same parameters in higher plants.

    KEY WORDS: moss, Atrichum undulatum, photoperiod, vegetative phase, antioxidative metabolism
Desmid flora (Chlorophyta, Zygnematophyceae) of the River Tisa in the Province of Vojvodina (Northern Serbia)
STAMENKOVIC M & CVIJAN M.
Pages 89-99

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: Results of a detailed investigation into the qualitative composition of the desmid flora of the river Tisa, performed from April 2002 to May 2003, are presentet in this paper. A total of 33 desmid taxa belonging to genera Closterium, Cosmarium and Staurastrum were recorded from which 12 taxa are new to the Vojvodina stretch of the river Tisa, whereas Cosmarium subcostatum var beckii and C. vexatum var. rotundatum are new to the algal flora of Serbia. Qualitative dominance of desmid taxa, typical of alkaline and eutrophic ecosystems, was observed. The qualitative and partly relative quantitative composition of planktonic taxa were analysed dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of the water. Basised on the presence of desmids, which are bioindicators, water quality was analyzed. Despite the inconvenient environmental conditions, special ecological remarks regarding partly unexpected presence of Cosmarium subcostatum and C. subcostatum var beckii as inhabitants of oligotrophic lakes and pools from a boreal part of Northwestern Europe were also recorded. An almost regular seasonal dynamics of the desmid community of the river Tisa was observed during one-year study.

    KEY WORDS: Desmids, the river Tisa, Vojvodina, Serbia
Cyanobacterial, algal and fungal biofilm on sandstone substrata of Eiffel`s Lock in Becej (Serbia)
LJALJEVIC GRBIC M, SUBAKOV-SIMIC G, KRIZMANIC J & LAÐIC V.
Pages 101-105

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    ABSTRACT: Biofilm on sandstone substrata of Eiffel´s Lock in Becej contains complex consortia of algae, cyanobacteria and fungi. Filamentous cyanobacteria (Nostoc sp, Leptolyngbia sp., Stigonema ocellatum) and green algae (Desmococcus olivaceus and Haemaotococcus pluvialis) formed dense mucous layer with characteristic coloration of substrata. Melanized fungal structures (hyphae, chlamydospores and conidia) were intertwined with cyanobacteria and algae formed biofilm. Dominant fungal genera were Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Drechslera, Epicoccum, belongs to Dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Biofilm constituents’ interaction results in the bioweathering of the sandstone substrata through mechanical penetration, acid corrosion and production of secondary mycogenic biominerals. Modern concept of conservation of cultural and historic monuments implements multidisciplinary process and collaboration of art and science.

    KEY WORDS: micromycetes, photosynthetic organisms, biofilm, biodeterioration, cultural heritage
Isolation and characterization of endophytic non-rhizobial bacteria from root nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
STAJKOVIC O, DE MEYER S, MILICIC B, WILLEMS A & DELIC D.
Pages 107-114

Full reference | Abstract | Full text PDF
    ABSTRACT: Soil bacteria associated with plant roots that can exert beneficial effects on their hosts are designated as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Some of these PGPR can enter the root interior and establish endophytic populations. The present study was performed to isolate non-rhizobial endophytes from the surface sterilized root nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and assess their effects on alfalfa growth. Out of 15 endophytic non-rhizobial strains isolated, 5 gram-positive strains were selected for further identification and characterisation. The strains LR1k, 4148pk and SNji formed one single cluster in rep-PCR analyses and partial sequences of 16S rRNA genes showed 100% similarity to Bacillus megaterium. Strains 251s and 236 displayed two separate rep-PCR patterns and according to 16S rRNA genes sequences they were closely related to Brevibacillus chosinensis and Microbacterium trichothecenolyticum, respectively. None of the non-rhizobial isolates was able to nodulate alfalfa when re-inoculated in gnotobiotic culture. Co-inoculation of all non-rhizobial strains with S. meliloti positively influenced nodule number of alfalfa, but was without significant effect on growth parameters with respect to inoculation with S. meliloti alone. However, single inoculation with non-rhizobial strains caused significant increase in shoot and root parameters compared to uninoculated plants, indicating that non-rhizobial strains possess some plant growth promoting potential. Further studies on the interactions among these endophytic bacteria and other legumes or non-leguminous plants are needed.

    KEY WORDS: alfalfa, endophytic bacteria, plant growth promotion